随着国际合作的深入，企业之间的竞争越来越激烈。这种竞争关系逐渐从资金和技术的竞争转向人才的竞争。培训是提高员工素质和能力的重要渠道，是企业建立核心竞争力、实现可持续发展的重要资源，因此，企业也越来越重视人才培养。培训管理已成为企业人力资源管理的重要组成部分。随着集团业务不断拓展，企业对于石油工程作业安全生产要求越来越严格，并且对井控人员素质、能力的要求随着石油、天然气资源勘探开发领域的不断延伸和扩大也逐渐提高。Z企业是从事油气勘探开发、工程技术服务、企业人员培训等综合业务的大型国有企业，在目前的井控培训管理过程中，存在的一些问题是制约企业可持续发展的瓶颈，这些问题主要集中在培训课程、培训师资、培训设施等方面。如何通过合理有效的井控培训管理，不断提高石油工程作业人员的井控素质，已成为Z企业进行井控培训工作需要重点考虑研究的内容。
本文以Z企业井控培训管理为研究对象，采用文献分析法、访谈法、问卷调查法深入研究Z企业井控培训管理存在的问题及原因，并提出Z企业井控培训管理优化措施。首先对国内外相关文献进行了梳理，对井控培训及培训管理进行基本概念界定，分析了培训相关的理论基础。其次介绍Z企业基本概况和井控培训管理现状，并对Z企业井控培训学员满意度进行问卷调查，分析井控培训管理各个环节，通过研究发现Z企业井控培训管理存在培训课程针对性不强、培训设施陈旧且数量少、培训的师资力量薄弱、培训效果转化率低四个方面的问题，由此从培训课程设计不科学、培训资金投入不足、人力资源开发机制不健全、培训激励机制不健全等方面探讨问题产生的深层次原因。接着，针对问题产生原因提出培训管理的方案设计，主要包括：加强井控培训管理的思路、制度层面的方案设计、资源层面的方案设计、实施层面的方案设计，最后提出优化培训管理机制、提供多元化培训资金方面的保障措施。通过本文研究，目的是为了提升Z企业井控培训管理水平，提升石油工程施工队伍井控人员素质，增强Z企业在石油工程施工市场的竞争实力，确保Z企业石油工程施工现场安全可持续发展。
关键词：培训管理;井控培训;人力资源管理
论文类型：应用研究
ABSTRACT
With the deepening of international cooperation, the competition among enterprises is becoming more and more intense. This kind of competition has gradually shifted from the competition of capital and technology to the competition of talents. Training is an important channel to improve the quality and ability of employees, and an important resource for enterprises to establish core competitiveness and achieve sustainable development. Therefore, enterprises are paying more and more attention to talent training. Training management has become an important part of enterprise human resource management. With the continuous expansion of the group's business, the company has become more and more strict with the safety production requirements of petroleum engineering operations, and the requirements for the quality and ability of well control personnel have gradually increased with the continuous extension and expansion of the field of oil and natural gas resource exploration and development. Enterprise Z is a large state-owned enterprise engaged in comprehensive businesses such as oil and gas exploration and development, engineering and technical services, and corporate personnel training. In the current well control training management process, some problems exist that restrict the sustainable development of the enterprise. These problems are mainly concentrated In terms of training courses, training teachers, training facilities, etc. How to continuously improve the well control quality of petroleum engineering operators through reasonable and effective well control training management has become a key research content for Z companies to conduct well control training.
This paper takes the well control training management of enterprise Z as the research object, and uses the method of literature analysis, interview and questionnaire survey to deeply study the problems and reasons of the well control training management of enterprise Z, and proposes the optimization measures of well control training management of enterprise Z. Firstly, the related literatures at home and abroad are sorted out, the basic concepts of well control training and training management are defined, and the theoretical basis of training is analyzed. Secondly, it introduces the basic situation of Z company and the current situation of well control training management, and conducts a questionnaire survey on the satisfaction of well control training students of Z company, and analyzes all aspects of well control training management. There are four problems: strong, outdated and small number of training facilities, weak training teachers, and low conversion rate of training effects. From this, the design of training courses is unscientific, the investment of training funds is insufficient, the human resources development mechanism is not perfect, and the training incentive mechanism Insufficiency and other aspects to explore the deep-seated reasons for the problem. Then, according to the cause of the problem, the training management plan design is proposed, which mainly includes: strengthening the idea of well control training management, system-level plan design, resource-level plan design, and implementation-level plan design. Finally, it proposes to optimize the training management mechanism, provide Safeguards for diversity training funding. Through the research of this paper, the purpose is to improve the well control training management level of Z enterprise, improve the quality of well control personnel of petroleum engineering construction team, enhance the competitiveness of Z enterprise in the petroleum engineering construction market, and ensure the safe and sustainable development of Z enterprise petroleum engineering construction site.
Keywords:training management; well control training; human resource management
Thesis: Applied Research
第一章 绪论
1.1 研究背景与意义
1.1.1研究背景
当前，我国经济正从高速增长阶段向高质量发展阶段转变，转变发展方式，优化经济结构，转变增长动力，深化供给侧结构性改革，都是当前经济转型中的重要问题。然而，石油天然气作为国民经济发展的重要能源之一，即使在当前能源革命的背景下，依然占据重要地位。可是面对国际油价起伏不定、国内经济下行压力、能源结构变化、大型民营企业崛起等挑战，石油石化企业面临异常严峻的生产经营形势和安全环保压力。主要因为陆上石油天然气开采作业具有点多面广、高温高压，易燃易爆，有毒有害特性。在矿山作业过程中经常发生各种安全事故，常见的事故类型有井喷、火灾爆炸、硫化氢中毒等，其中失控井喷事故是一种灾难性事故，可能造成巨大的损失。井喷事故一旦失控，容易造成严重的人员伤亡和财产损失，并对生态环境造成污染和破坏，导致环境灾难，给双碳目标的达成造成影响，违背公司绿色低碳发展战略。
Z企业是中国石油化工集团有限公司的上游企业，主要的业务内容包括油气勘探开发、工程技术服务等，中部地区重要的石油和天然气生产基地。“十三五”以来，公司始终高度重视安全生产工作，坚持把安全发展作为重要理念和核心工作纳入企业改革发展总体战略。社会稳定和企业改革发展大局。公司正确树立了习近平总书记“绿水青山就是金山银山”的社会主义生态文明理念,精心实施"四个变革,一个合作"的能源安全发展策略,践行集团公司绿色企业行动计划,以绿色油田为目标,营造绿色发展氛围,持续强化节能环保长效机制建设,深入开展环境污染防治。集团领导在井控工作领导小组会议上也反复强调,井控风险是上游领域最大的安全风险，是集团公司安全管理的重中之重。Z企业从一九八六年开展井控培训项目至今,不断进行对石油工程作业现场人员的井控培训评估和发证,进一步完善了井控培训教师队伍建设,并不断开展仿真模拟、实验井场训练等,为公司的安全管理做出了突出贡献。
然而企业要想长足发展，仍然需要拥有大量能够满足企业安全发展需要的员工，并且使他们能够拥有满足企业发展的要求和岗位技能的基本素养。企业要想拥有这样符合需求的员工队伍，培训是最重要的方法和手段。开展有效的培训，帮助员工掌握相关内容，拥有相关技能，提高职业素养，不断提升技术本领和综合能力，是企业能够持续生产经营发展的内在动力。有效的培训离不开科学正确地培训管理，所以国内外对培训管理的研究逐渐深入，应用领域不断拓展。井控培训就是强化企业员工井控意识，提高专业技术人员和一线操作人员井控技能的一条重要途径。因此需要做好井控培训管理，提高井控培训的针对性和有效性，保障Z企业安全可持续发展。
随着Z企业石油工程作业市场的不断扩展，对企业井控人员素质和要求也在不断变化和调整，井控培训能否跟上企业发展的步伐，提供更具有针对性、更加有效的井控培训服务，是当前亟待解决的问题。因此，需要对井控培训管理进行系统的研究，用科学的培训管理理论和培训管理方法作指导，全面提高Z企业井控培训管理质量，为Z企业安全持续高效发展提供人才和智力支持。
