基于BIM技术的WK广场项目成本管理研究

摘要
工程造价管理与控制是提高建筑业盈利能力的重要途径。当前建设工程领域存在的成本管理和控制问题，严重影响了建筑业的长远发展能力。建筑行业竞争日趋激烈，迫使建筑企业把成本控制作为项目管理的基础工作，成本控制管理方式创新已经在建筑行业领域显示出了极大的优越性，对于提高建筑施工企业资源配置效率，提高建筑企业的利润率具有重要作用。进入新世纪，随着电子计算机的不断更新换代，建设项目管理也从多方面利用信息技术的创新成果。建筑信息模型（BIM）是信息技术创新成果在项目管理中应用的典型代表。无论是学术界还是实务界，都在BIM技术的应用方面取得了一定的成果，尤其是在BIM技术在具体建筑领域的实际应用方面。

本文正是引入了目前建筑施工工程领域的创新成果BIM技术，通过对BIM技术以及相关软件运用的基础理论模型分析，研究了BIM模型运用于成本管理的可行性和前提条件，通过构建BIM成本控制模型的路径，优化建筑施工工程领域成本控制模式，实现资源优化配置，提高企业创造利润能力的目标。

本文采用案例研究和文献研究相结合的方法。首先，梳理了国内外学者对BIM研究的文献成果，深入阐述了BIM的概念和BIM技术的软件条件，并阐述了BIM技术在工程项目设计阶段、施工阶段和运营阶段的具体方法。分析了工程项目成本管理的现状，分析了工程项目成本管理中存在的劳动力配置、材料配置、机械设备配置等问题，分析了产生这些问题的原因，探讨了BIM技术应用于工程项目成本管理的可能性，最后建立了基于BIM模型的工程造价控制优化模型，并在评析运用BIM技术的基础上提出了相应的对策建议，具体包括优化劳动力资源配置、加强材料分类管理、加大BIM技术投入、细化费用分摊以及建立统一的模型。

关键词： BIM；全生命周期成本管理；WK项目；成本管理

Abstract
Cost Management Control is an important way to improve the profit-creating ability of construction industry. The current cost management control problem in construction project field has seriously affected the long-term development ability of construction industry. The increasingly fierce competition in the construction industry is forcing construction enterprises to take cost control as the basic work of project management. The innovation of cost control management has shown great superiority in the field of construction industry, it plays an important role in improving resource allocation efficiency and profit margin of construction enterprises. In the new century, with the continuous renewal of the computer, the construction project management has also applied the innovative results of information technology from many aspects. Building Information Model (BIM) is a typical example of the application of information technology innovation in project management. At present, the application of Bim Technology has obtained some research results, especially in the practical application of Bim in the specific field of construction.

In this paper, the innovative achievement of building construction engineering, BIM technology, is introduced. By analyzing the basic theoretical model of BIM technology and related software, the feasibility and precondition of applying BIM model to cost management are studied, through constructing the path of BIM cost control model, optimizing the cost control mode in the field of construction engineering, to optimize the allocation of resources and improve the profitability of enterprises.

In this paper, the case study and literature research methods are used. Firstly, the literature of BIM research at home and abroad is sorted out, and the concept of BIM and the software conditions of BIM technology are explained in depth, the detailed method of BIM application in design phase, construction phase and operation phase of engineering project is explained Then it analyzes the problems in the cost management of WK project, such as Labor allocation, material allocation, machinery and equipment allocation, and analyzes the reasons for the above problems, this paper discusses the possibility of applying BIM technology to cost management of WK project, and finally constructs an optimization model of cost control of WK project based on BIM model, it includes optimizing the allocation of labor resources, strengthening the management of material classification, increasing the investment of BIM technology, refining the cost allocation and building a unified model.

Key words： BIM ；life cycle cost management ；WK project ；cost control

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